Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Sanjib Bahadur ¹, Amit Roy ¹, Ranabir Chanda ², Ananta Choudhury ¹, Sujoy Das ³, Suman Saha ¹, Shashikant Chandrakar ¹, Pushpa Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Vill. Tekari, Near Vidhan Sabha, Raipur (C.G), IN
2 Bengal School of Technology, Sugandha, Delhi Road, Hooghly (W.B), IN
3 GRY Institute of Pharmacy, Vidya Vihar, Borawan, Khargone (M.P), IN

Abstract

The objective of any formulation is to deliver drug to the patient in the definite amount, at the required rate, and maintains the stability of drug over the product's shelf life. To produce a drug formulation in a final dosage form, a number of pharmaceutical ingredients are required. In selecting excipients for pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug products the development pharmacist should be certain about the existing standards and safety parameters of the excipients. This will assure the consistent quality and functioning of the excipient. The selection and testing of non active ingredients or excipient in the design of drug dosage form present to the formulator the challenge of predictive foresight. While the ability to solve problems when they occur is a valuable attribute, the ability to prevent the problem through adequate experimental design is a virtue. The safety and biodegradability issues related to synthetic excipients have necessitates development of new natural excipients. Newer excipients provide the means for simplifying formulation development, and improving overall operational costs while preserving the quality that is expected by the industry. This review focuses on need to develop such newer natural excipients which shall be utilized to develop efficient dosage forms and the economics involved in doing so.

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Ghanshyam Dhalendra ¹, Trilochan Satapathy ¹, Amit Roy ¹

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Near Vidhan Sabha, Raipur-493111, Chhattisgarh, IN

Abstract

Inflammation is reaction of living tissues towards injury, and comprises systemic and local responses. Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli as well as initiate the healing process for the tissue. The nature of the inflammatory response following tissue injury depends upon both the time elapsed since injury as well as the extent of tissue damage. Inflammation can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is usually of short duration and sudden onset. The typical sequence of events is an initial transient arteriolar constriction followed by vasodilation, increased vascular endothelial permeability, exudation of fluid and plasma proteins, and transmigration of leukocytes from vessels into the injured tissues. Chronic inflammation can begin 2-4 days after the onset of the acute response. Chronic inflammation on the contrary is granuloma formation. Inflammation research involves a number of experimental models to study the anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory agents exert their effect through a spectrum of different modes of action. The anti-inflammatory activity of new substances can be evaluated by using various pre clinical screening method. Use of various phlogestic agent like carragenan, brewer's yeast, dextran, egg albumin, kaolin, aerosil, croton oil, and cotton wool inflammation is induced and the amount of decrease in its inducing characteristics is measured.

Keywords

Inflammation, Paw Edema, Erythema, Edema, Granuloma, Arthritis.

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